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- Path: nntp-trd.UNINETT.no!lolsen
- From: lolsen@hsr.no (Lasse Olsen)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.amiga.programmer,comp.sys.amiga.hardware
- Subject: Re: Pal and pixel reso WAS:re: 1500x1500 16.8 million color FrameGrabber...
- Followup-To: comp.sys.amiga.programmer,comp.sys.amiga.hardware
- Date: 12 Jan 1996 12:11:34 GMT
- Organization: UNINETT news service
- Message-ID: <4d5j5m$nlh@dole.uninett.no>
- References: <2322wab60.alamito@marketgraph.xs4all.nl> <2715.6579T786T2662@norconnect.no>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: gorina5.hsr.no
- X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.2 PL2]
-
- Kenneth C. Nilsen (kenneth@norconnect.no) wrote:
- : RvG> fischerj@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Juergen "Rally" Fischer) wrote:
- : >>TV PAL got 625 _lines_ . AFAIK the horizontal res is not directly defined,
- : >>it is different for brightnes and colors, and it's AFAIK even different
- : >>dependent of the picture.
- : RvG> About 768 or 752 pixels is fine enough for EVERY PAL picture, so you
- : RvG> might define it that way (752x576; vertical/hor blanks not included).
-
- : I see there is much confusment about this. The /pixel/ resolution inside your
- : Amiga (the screen) is not the same as the signal resolution. The pal signal
- : is 768x576 independend on your screen pixel resolution. The signal quality
- : (bandwith and line resolution) is depended on the signal /type/ which can be
- : RF, composite, YC, YCrCb (Component).
-
- To further clearify the issue I'll ad something, as there is
- generally a great deal of misconseption amongst people as
- to what defines PAL/NTSC.
-
- In contrast to what many belives PAL and NTSC has nothing to do
- with resolutions. They are mearly color-encoding formats.
-
- National Television System Committee (NTSC), did in 1953 (NTSC-II)
- establish composite color format television in the U.S. with two
- color-difference signals quadrature-modulated onto a color
- subcarrier, here red, and added to the luminance signal.
-
- Phase alternate line (PAL)is a composite color standard similar to
- NTSC, except that the V-axis subcarrier reference signal inverts
- in phase at the horizontal line rate (ie phase alternation at
- the line rate of the R-Y component, red, of the chrominance signal.)
-
- This way we can see that the only real difference between PAL and
- NTSC on a technical level is the inverted phase of the red
- chrominance component. It really has nothing to do with resolution.
- A common misconseption.
-
- Screen resoluiton is a composit of several factors and is covered
- in the recomendations of CCIR (ComitĪ Consultatif International
- des Radio-communication) - number 601 part 2.
- This is commonly refered to as the CCIR 601 rec..
-
- When scanning a video image, the _line number_ is the total number
- of lines assigned to one frame. It is in fact a timing specification.
- It defines the conjunctions with the field frequency and the time
- interval to each horizontal line (commonly measured in number of
- samples at a specified sampling rate - or in microseconds).
- Some of these lines and intervals carry image information, some
- are dedicated to operational and control functions - including
- returning the scanning beam back to the upper left corner to begin
- the next field.
- Those time intervals (lines) actually carrying image information,
- or related information such as captioning, image test signals etc,
- are the _active lines_.
- Also, a part of each active line is dedicated to the horizontal
- interval to return the scanning beam to the left-edge starting
- point for the next line, and to verify the color subcarrier etc.
-
- In Europe 625 horizontal lines (top to bottom) and a screen-refresh
- of 50 fields pr second (25 frames pr. sec) is used.
- This can be on a number of systems although PAL and SECAM are the
- comercial variants.
- With this system about 8% of the total field or frame time is
- assigned to the vertical interval, and about 16% to the horizontal
- interval. Thus, the 625 television lines per frame result is around
- 575 active lines.
- Correspondingly, each active line displays image data about 84% of
- its time interval. In this way image information is present only
- about 76% of the total time.
-
- The US counterpart is called System M, and has 525 lines and 59.94
- fsp scanning. Together with NTSC color-encoding this is often
- refered to as M/NTSC - or just NTSC.
-
- I hope I've edited this text to the extent that its understandable
- to the common layman - even your common earth-leveled Macinoid
- should be able to grasp this.
- Cheers...
-
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